Understanding GDPR in the Context of Data Vault
GDPR compliance is a critical concern for organizations handling personal data. Data Vault, a well-structured data modeling approach, offers a robust solution for meeting GDPR requirements, particularly in two key areas: data security and data privacy.
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Data Security in Data Vault
Data security involves protecting existing data from unauthorized access. Data Vault supports this through two levels of security:
- Row-Level Security: This ensures that users can only access records relevant to them. It can be implemented via database row-level security features or view layers.
- Column-Level Security: Attributes are separated based on security classification. Each classification is stored in a separate Satellite, with access granted accordingly.
By controlling access at both row and column levels, organizations can ensure compliance with GDPR’s data access requirements.
Data Privacy and Deletion in Data Vault
Data privacy focuses on removing personal data when required. Data Vault’s design allows for the physical deletion of personal data without affecting the integrity of the entire dataset. This is achieved through:
- Satellite Splitting: Personal and non-personal data are stored in separate Satellites. When a deletion request is made, only the personal data Satellite needs to be altered.
- Data Retention Policies: Different personal data attributes may have varying retention periods. Separate Satellites are created for attributes that must be deleted at different times.
- Point-in-Time (PIT) Table Updates: When personal data is deleted, PIT tables are rebuilt to reflect the absence of that data.
This approach ensures that deleted data is no longer accessible or retrievable, aligning with GDPR’s right to be forgotten.
Access Control Lists (ACL) in Data Vault
Managing user access to data is another essential aspect of GDPR compliance. Data Vault facilitates this through an ACL system modeled using Hubs and Links:
- A User Hub stores information about individual users.
- A User Group Hub categorizes users into groups with shared permissions.
- A Customer Hub and Bank Account Hub manage customer and account details.
- A Link connects users, user groups, and customers.
- An Effectivity Satellite records the time periods during which users have access to specific data.
By applying this structure, access control can be managed dynamically, ensuring that only authorized users can view or modify data.
Security vs. Privacy: A Crucial Distinction
When discussing GDPR, it’s essential to distinguish between security and privacy:
- Security: The data remains in the system, but access is restricted based on security policies.
- Privacy: The data is physically removed from the system when no longer needed.
Organizations should ensure that security officers and privacy officers handle these concerns separately to avoid misconceptions, such as assuming filtered data is deleted when it is still present in the database.
Schlussfolgerung
Data Vault provides a comprehensive approach to managing GDPR requirements through built-in security and privacy mechanisms. By structuring data appropriately and implementing proper access control and deletion strategies, organizations can achieve GDPR compliance efficiently.
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Michael Olschimke
Michael hat mehr als 15 Jahre Erfahrung in der Informationstechnologie. In den letzten acht Jahren hat er sich auf Business Intelligence Themen wie OLAP, Dimensional Modelling und Data Mining spezialisiert. Fordern Sie ihn mit Ihren Fragen heraus!
